Schedule 8 the Wildlife & Countryside Act 1981
Plants which are protected
Schedule 8 lists plant species that are protected under Section 13. Section 13 protects plants from picking and sale of plants or parts of plants listed in Schedule 8.
- intentional picking, uprooting or destruction (Section 13 1a)
- selling, offering for sale, possessing or transporting for the purpose of sale (live or dead, part or derivative) (Section 13 2a);
- advertising (any of these) for buying or selling (Section 13 2b)
| Name | Latin | Date | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fungi | |||
| Sandy Stilt Puffball | Battarrea phalloides | 1998 | |
| Royal bolete | Boletus regius | 1998 | |
| Bearded Tooth | Hericium erinaceus | 1998 | Designated as Hericium erinaceum |
| a lichen | Megalaria laureri | 1992 | |
| Oak polypore | Piptoporus quercinus | 1998 | Designated as Buglossoporus pulvinus |
| Lichens | |||
| a lichen | Alectoria ochroleuca | 1998 | |
| Forked Hair-Lichen | Bryoria furcellata | 1992 | |
| Starry Breck-Lichen | Buellia asterella | 1992 | |
| Orange-Fruited Elm-Lichen | Caloplaca luteoalba | 1992 | |
| Snow Caloplaca | Caloplaca nivalis | 1992 | |
| Tree catapyrenium | Catapyrenium psoromoides | 1992 | |
| Wahlenberg’s catolechia | Catolechia wahlenbergii | 1998 | |
| a lichen | Cladonia convoluta | 1998 | |
| Upright Mountain Cladonia | Cladonia trassii | 1992 | Designated as Cladonia stricta |
| River Jelly Lichen | Collema dichotomum | 1992 | |
| New Forest beech-lichen | Enterographa elaborata | 1998 | |
| a lichen | Fuscopannaria ignobilis | 1992 | Designated as Pannaria ignobilis |
| Elm gyalecta (a Lichen) | Gyalecta ulmi | 1992 | |
| Coralloid Rosette-Lichen | Heterodermia japonica | 1992 | Designated as Heterodermia propagulifera |
| Ciliate Strap-Lichen | Heterodermia leucomela | 1992 | Designated as Heterodermia leucomelos |
| Churchyard Lecanactis | Lecanographa grumulosa | 1992 | |
| Tarn Lecanora | Lecanora achariana | 1992 | |
| Copper Lecidea | Lecidea inops | 1992 | |
| a lichen | Megalaria laureri | 1992 | |
| Arctic Kidney-Lichen | Nephroma arcticum | 1992 | |
| New Forest Parmelia | Parmelinopsis minarum | 1992 | Designated as Parmelia minarum |
| Oil-Stain Parmentaria | Parmentaria chilensis | 1992 | |
| Ear-Lobed Dog-Lichen | Peltigera lepidophora | 1992 | |
| Alpine Moss Pertusaria | Pertusaria bryontha | 1992 | |
| Southern Grey Physcia | Physcia tribacioides | 1992 | |
| Ragged Pseudocyphellaria | Pseudocyphellaria lacerata | 1992 | |
| Rusty Alpine Psora | Psora rubiformis | 1992 | |
| Serpentine Solenopsora | Solenopsora liparina | 1992 | |
| Scaly Breck-Lichen | Squamarina lentigera | 1992 | |
| Golden Hair-Lichen | Teloschistes flavicans | 1992 | |
| Stoneworts | |||
| Bearded Stonewort | Chara canescens | 1992 | IUCN status changed |
| Foxtail Stonewort | Lamprothamnium papulosum | 1988 | |
| Mosses | |||
| rounded pygmy-moss | Acaulon triquetrum | 1992 | |
| Long-leaved Tail-moss | Anomodon longifolius | 1998 | |
| Rigid Apple-Moss | Bartramia stricta | 1992 | |
| Dune threadmoss | Bryum mamillatum | 1992 | |
| Long-leaved threadmoss | Bryum neodamense | 1998 | |
| Schleicher’s thread-moss | Bryum schleicheri | 1992 | |
| Green Shield-Moss | Buxbaumia viridis | 1992 | |
| multi-fruited cryphaea | Cryphaea lamyana | 1992 | |
| Bright Green Cave-Moss | Cyclodictyon laetevirens | 1992 | |
| cordate beard-moss | Didymodon cordatus | 1992 | Designated as Barbula cordata |
| Glaucous Beard-Moss | Didymodon glaucus | 1992 | Designated as Barbula glauca |
| Cornish Path Moss | Ditrichum cornubicum | 1992 | |
| Blunt-Leaved Grimmia | Grimmia unicolor | 1992 | |
| Slender Green Feather-Moss | Hamatocaulis vernicosus | 1992 | Designated as Drepanocladus vernicosus |
| polar brook-moss | Hygrohypnum polare | 1998 | |
| Vaucher’s plait-moss | Hypnum vaucheri | 1992 | |
| Millimetre Moss | Micromitrium tenerum | 1992 | |
| alpine copper-moss | Mielichhoferia mielichhoferiana | 1992 | |
| Blunt-Leaved Bristle-Moss | Orthotrichum obtusifolium | 1992 | |
| Hair Silk-Moss | Plagiothecium piliferum | 1992 | |
| Round-Leaved Feather-Moss | Rhynchostegium rotundifolium | 1992 | |
| Blue Dew-Moss | Saelania glaucescens | 1992 | |
| Large Yellow Feather-Moss | Scorpidium turgescens | 1992 | |
| Baltic Bog-Moss | Sphagnum balticum | 1992 | |
| Derbyshire Feather-Moss | Thamnobryum angustifolium | 1992 | |
| Flamingo moss | Tortula cernua | 1998 | Designated as Desmatodon cernuus |
| Knothole Moss | Zygodon forsteri | 1992 | |
| slender yoke-moss | Zygodon gracilis | 1992 | |
| Liverworts | |||
| Lindenberg’s featherwort | Adelanthus lindenbergianus | 1992 | |
| turps pouchwort | Geocalyx graveolens | 1992 | |
| Pointed Frostwort | Gymnomitrion apiculatum | 1992 | |
| Marsh Earwort | Jamesoniella undulifolia | 1992 | |
| Fen Notchwort | Leiocolea rutheana | 1992 | |
| Western Rustwort | Marsupella profunda | 1992 | |
| Petalwort | Petalophyllum ralfsii | 1992 | |
| Lizard Crystalwort | Riccia bifurca | 1992 | |
| Blackwort | Southbya nigrella | 1992 | |
| Horsetails | |||
| Branched Horsetail | Equisetum ramosissimum | 1988 | |
| Ferns | |||
| Dickie’s Bladder-fern | Cystopteris dickieana | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| least adder’s-tongue | Ophioglossum lusitanicum | 1988 | IUCN status changed |
| Killarney fern | Trichomanes speciosum | 1981 | Designation does not apply in Scotland since 15/02/2007. Note on status=Designation is in respect of section 13(2) only since 21/08/2007. |
| Alpine Woodsia | Woodsia alpina | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Oblong Woodsia | Woodsia ilvensis | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Flowering Plants | |||
| Ground-Pine | Ajuga chamaepitys | 1992 | |
| Ribbon-Leaved Water-Plantain | Alisma gramineum | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Round-Headed Leek | Allium sphaerocephalon | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Rough Marsh-Mallow | Althaea hirsuta | 1981 | |
| Small Alison | Alyssum alyssoides | 1981 | |
| Creeping Marshwort | Apium repens | 1988 | Designation does not apply in Scotland since 15/02/2007. Note on status=Designation is in respect of section 13(2) only since 21/08/2007. |
| Alpine Rock-Cress | Arabis alpina | 1988 | IUCN status changed |
| Bristol Rock-cress | Arabis scabra | 1988 | |
| Sandwort | Arenaria norvegica | 1981 | |
| Field Mugwort | Artemisia campestris | 1981 | |
| Pedunculate Sea-purslane | Atriplex pedunculata | 1992 | Designated as Halimione pedunculata |
| Small Hare’s-ear | Bupleurum baldense | 1981 | |
| Bupleurum | Bupleurum falcatum | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Starved Wood-Sedge | Carex depauperata | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Slender Centaury | Centaurium tenuiflorum | 1992 | |
| Red Helleborine | Cephalanthera rubra | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Stinking Goosefoot | Chenopodium vulvaria | 1988 | |
| Alpine Blue-Sow-Thistle | Cicerbita alpina | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Wood Calamint | Clinopodium menthifolium | 1981 | Designated as Calamintha sylvatica |
| Lundy Cabbage | Coincya wrightii | 1988 | Designated as Rhynchosinapis wrightii |
| Strapwort | Corrigiola litoralis | 1988 | |
| Great Orme Berry | Cotoneaster cambricus | 1981 | |
| Pigmyweed | Crassula aquatica | 1988 | |
| Stinking Hawk’s-beard | Crepis foetida | 1988 | IUCN status changed |
| Green Hound’s-tongue | Cynoglossum germanicum | 1988 | |
| Brown Galingale | Cyperus fuscus | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Lady’s-slipper | Cypripedium calceolus | 1981 | Designation does not apply in Scotland since 15/02/2007. Note on status=Designation is in respect of section 13(2) only since 21/08/2007. |
| Lapland Marsh-Orchid | Dactylorhiza traunsteinerioides subsp. lapponica | 1992 | |
| Starfruit | Damasonium alisma | 1981 | |
| Deptford Pink | Dianthus armeria | 1998 | |
| Cheddar Pink | Dianthus gratianopolitanus | 1981 | |
| Diapensia | Diapensia lapponica | 1981 | |
| Dwarf Spike-Rush | Eleocharis parvula | 1998 | IUCN status changed |
| Young’s Helleborine | Epipactis youngiana | 1988 | |
| Ghost Orchid | Epipogium aphyllum | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Alpine Fleabane | Erigeron borealis | 1988 | IUCN status changed |
| Slender Cottongrass | Eriophorum gracile | 1988 | |
| Field Eryngo | Eryngium campestre | 1981 | |
| Red-Tipped Cudweed | Filago lutescens | 1988 | |
| Broad-Leaved Cudweed | Filago pyramidata | 1992 | IUCN status changed |
| Martin’s ramping-fumitory | Fumaria reuteri | 1988 | Designated as Fumaria martinii |
| Early Star-Of-Bethlehem | Gagea bohemica | 1988 | |
| Alpine Gentian | Gentiana nivalis | 1981 | |
| Spring Gentian | Gentiana verna | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Early Gentian | Gentianella anglica | 1992 | Designation does not apply in Scotland since 15/02/2007. Note on status=Designation is in respect of section 13(2) only since 21/08/2007. |
| Fringed Gentian | Gentianella ciliata | 1988 | |
| Dune Gentian | Gentianella uliginosa | 1992 | |
| Wild Gladiolus | Gladiolus illyricus | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Jersey Cudweed | Gnaphalium luteoalbum | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| a hawkweed | Hieracium attenuatifolium | 1992 | |
| a hawkweed | Hieracium northroense | 1992 | |
| a hawkweed | Hieracium zetlandicum | 1992 | |
| Lizard Orchid | Himantoglossum hircinum | 1981 | |
| purple colt’s-foot | Homogyne alpina | 1988 | IUCN status changed |
| Bluebell | Hyacinthoides non-scripta | 1998 | Note on status=In respect of section 13(2) only |
| Least Lettuce | Lactuca saligna | 1981 | |
| Cut-Grass | Leersia oryzoides | 1998 | IUCN status changed |
| Welsh Mudwort | Limosella australis | 1992 | IUCN status changed |
| Fen Orchid | Liparis loeselii | 1981 | Designation does not apply in Scotland since 15/02/2007. Note on status=Designation is in respect of section 13(2) only since 21/08/2007. |
| Snowdon Lily | Lloydia serotina | 1981 | |
| Floating Water Plantain | Luronium natans | 1992 | Designation does not apply in Scotland since 15/02/2007. Note on status=Designation is in respect of section 13(2) only since 21/08/2007. |
| Alpine Catchfly | Lychnis alpina | 1981 | |
| Grass-Poly | Lythrum hyssopifolia | 1988 | Designated as Lythrum hyssopifolia |
| Field Cow-Wheat | Melampyrum arvense | 1981 | |
| Pennyroyal | Mentha pulegium | 1988 | |
| Teesdale Sandwort | Minuartia stricta | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Slender Naiad | Najas flexilis | 1992 | Designation does not apply in Scotland since 15/02/2007. Note on status=Designation is in respect of section 13(2) only since 21/08/2007. |
| Holly-Leaved Naiad | Najas marina | 1988 | |
| Small Restharrow | Ononis reclinata | 1988 | |
| Late Spider-Orchid | Ophrys fuciflora | 1981 | |
| Early Spider-Orchid | Ophrys sphegodes | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Military Orchid | Orchis militaris | 1981 | |
| Monkey Orchid | Orchis simia | 1981 | |
| Bedstraw Broomrape | Orobanche caryophyllacea | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Oxtongue Broomrape | Orobanche picridis | 1981 | Designated as Orobanche loricata |
| Thistle Broomrape | Orobanche reticulata | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Childing Pink | Petrorhagia nanteuilii | 1981 | |
| blue heath | Phyllodoce caerulea | 1981 | |
| Spiked Rampion | Phyteuma spicatum | 1992 | IUCN status changed |
| whorled Solomon’s-seal | Polygonatum verticillatum | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Sea Knotgrass | Polygonum maritimum | 1981 | |
| Rock Cinquefoil | Potentilla rupestris | 1981 | |
| Small Fleabane | Pulicaria vulgaris | 1988 | |
| Plymouth Pear | Pyrus cordata | 1981 | |
| adder’s-tongue spearwort | Ranunculus ophioglossifolius | 1981 | |
| greater yellow-rattle | Rhinanthus angustifolius | 1981 | Designated as Rhinanthus serotinus |
| Sand Crocus | Romulea columnae | 1988 | |
| Shore Dock | Rumex rupestris | 1992 | Designation does not apply in Scotland since 15/02/2007. Note on status=Designation is in respect of section 13(2) only since 21/08/2007. |
| Meadow Clary | Salvia pratensis | 1992 | |
| Drooping Saxifrage | Saxifraga cernua | 1981 | |
| Tufted Saxifrage | Saxifraga cespitosa | 1981 | IUCN status changed |
| Marsh Saxifrage | Saxifraga hirculus | 1992 | Designation does not apply in Scotland since 15/02/2007. Note on status=Designation is in respect of section 13(2) only since 21/08/2007. |
| Triangular Club-rush | Schoenoplectus triqueter | 1981 | |
| Perennial Knawel | Scleranthus perennis | 1981 | |
| viper’s-grass | Scorzonera humilis | 1988 | |
| Cambridge Milk-Parsley | Selinum carvifolia | 1988 | |
| Fen Ragwort | Senecio paludosus | 1988 | IUCN status changed |
| Limestone Woundwort | Stachys alpina | 1981 | |
| Downy Woundwort | Stachys germanica | 1981 | |
| Field Fleawort | Tephroseris integrifolia subsp. maritima | 1998 | |
| Cut-Leaved Germander | Teucrium botrys | 1988 | |
| Water Germander | Teucrium scordium | 1981 | |
| Cotswold Pennycress | Thlaspi perfoliatum | 1992 | IUCN status changed |
| Spiked Speedwell | Veronica spicata | 1981 | |
| Fingered Speedwell | Veronica triphyllos | 1988 | |
| Fen Violet | Viola persicifolia | 1981 | |
Hi, I am just a lay-person, interested in nature, and I live near a field which gets full of Fen Ragwort in Lincolnshire. I researched it because my chimney sweep told me that I should get rid of it and it kills cattle, because he is a landowner near by too, but not knowing what I should do I looked it up and am telling you about it in case it needs protecting. It says IUCN status changed, but when I looked it up on the red list it was very complicated but I think it means it still needs protecting, but I am not sure. The field does not belong to me it has been set aside for quite a few years.
Hi Alison – Although Fen Ragwort is poisonous it is protected – unlike the common ragwort which is controlled under The Weeds Act 1959. That act sets out the basis for action to prevent the spread of common ragwort along with Creeping or Field Thistle, Spear Thistle, Curled Dock and Broad-Leaved Dock as they are all poisonous to horses and other livestock. Natural England is the best contact to discuss this issue. They will expect you to have contacted the landowner. The Cambridge office is 01233 533588. For more details see http://ww2.defra.gov.uk/2010/08/02/ragwort/ – Hope that helps.
Is Young’s Helleborine still protected as a schedule 8 plant. I was under the impression that its taxomic position as a true species has been discredited. Such distinctions may seem pedantic but their have been palnning issues associated with this plant.
As far as I am aware the schedule has not been updated as a result of taxonomic changes
I am struggling to understand which of the species within the list are protected by Section 13 1a from uprooting or destruction, as opposed to those protected by section 13 just from picking and sale. Are you please able to clarify this? Many thanks.
Is the Violet Helleborine, epipactis purpurata, also protected under the Actt? We have problems with people mowing them down.
Thank you.
Diana Tennyson